Reading List

Authors Like Joseph Heller

Joseph Heller, born on Coney Island in 1923, joined the US Army Air Corps in 1942 and flew sixty combat missions as a B-25 bombardier on the Italian front. The first chapter of the novel he made from it appeared in 1955 under the title “Catch-18”; the number was changed shortly before publication in 1961 to avoid confusion with Leon Uris’s Mila 18. By the end of Catch-22 his bombardier, Yossarian, has flown seventy-one missions, and the novel eventually sold around ten million copies in the United States alone. Heller spent the rest of his career on the same subject in other buildings: a corporate office in Something Happened (1974), Washington in Good as Gold (1979), the court of King David in God Knows (1984). The ten writers below share it too — a system that is perfectly logical and completely mad — and most of them decided the only honest response was to make it funny.

By Lisanne Swart · 10 authors · War satire · Absurd bureaucracy · Updated October 2026


Quick answer

If you like Joseph Heller, start with Kurt Vonnegut, a fellow American veteran whose Slaughterhouse-Five (1969) turns the bombing of Dresden into black comedy. Jaroslav Hašek’s The Good Soldier Švejk is the First World War version, written forty years earlier, and Evelyn Waugh’s Sword of Honour is the British army seen the same way. Further down are three writers who refuse the joke altogether.

10 authors like Joseph Heller

01
The other great war comedy

Kurt Vonnegut

American · Mother Night (1961), Cat’s Cradle (1963), Slaughterhouse-Five (1969)

Vonnegut (1922–2007) was captured at the Battle of the Bulge in December 1944 and held as a prisoner of war in Dresden, where he survived the Allied firebombing of the city in a meat locker beneath a slaughterhouse. Slaughterhouse-Five is built on that experience; it has been challenged or removed from school libraries many times, and a school board’s ban was part of the case that reached the US Supreme Court in Island Trees v. Pico.

The closest match on the shelf. Vonnegut and Heller were both American veterans of the same war who waited years and then wrote about it as comedy, because nothing else seemed to fit. Vonnegut is shorter, sadder and stranger, with time travel where Heller has circular logic.

— Lisanne
02
The soldier who obeys too well

Jaroslav Hašek

Czech · The Good Soldier Švejk (1921–1923)

Hašek was born in Prague in 1883. Called up into the Austro-Hungarian army in 1915, he was taken prisoner by the Russians that September, joined the Czechoslovak Legion and later the Red Army. The Good Soldier Švejk appeared in four parts from 1921; he died in 1923 before finishing it, and it was completed by another writer, Karel Vaněk.

The writer who predates Heller’s whole genre. Švejk survives the Austro-Hungarian army much as Yossarian survives the Air Corps, by taking its orders and its logic more literally than anyone intended. Hašek is more rambling and anecdotal, but the joke — the system is the enemy, not the other side — is the same one.

— Lisanne
03
The British army, deadpan

Evelyn Waugh

English · Scoop (1938), Brideshead Revisited (1945), Sword of Honour (1952–1961)

Waugh (1903–1966) was commissioned into the Royal Marines in 1939, took part in the evacuation of Crete in 1941 and joined a British mission to Tito’s Partisans in Yugoslavia in 1944. The Sword of Honour trilogy — Men at Arms, Officers and Gentlemen and Unconditional Surrender — draws on that service; Scoop is a satire of foreign correspondents. Critics and biographers have long noted racist and antisemitic prejudice in his writing.

Waugh served in the same war and saw the same thing from the other side of the Atlantic: the army as a machine for wasting good intentions. He is drier and more snobbish than Heller, and his comedy ends in grief, but the chapters on Crete belong next to Catch-22.

— Lisanne

Every book by Evelyn Waugh →

04
The rule you can never see

Franz Kafka

Czech, writing in German · The Trial (1925), The Castle (1926)

Kafka was born in Prague in 1883 and died in 1924. For most of his working life he was employed by the Workers’ Accident Insurance Institute in Prague, assessing compensation claims from injured industrial workers. He asked his friend Max Brod to destroy his unpublished manuscripts; Brod published them instead, including The Trial and The Castle.

Catch-22 is, in a sense, a Kafka rule: a regulation that exists only to make sure you cannot get out. Kafka writes it as nightmare and Heller as farce, but Josef K. in front of a court that will not name his crime and Yossarian in front of a colonel who keeps raising the number of missions are in the same position.

— Lisanne

Every book by Franz Kafka →

05
The war as a giant system

Thomas Pynchon

American · V. (1963), The Crying of Lot 49 (1966), Gravity’s Rainbow (1973)

Pynchon was born in Glen Cove, New York, in 1937 and served in the US Navy from 1955 to 1957. Gravity’s Rainbow, set mostly in the last months of the Second World War, shared the 1974 National Book Award; the Pulitzer jury recommended it the same year, but the board overruled them and gave no fiction prize. His most recent novel, Shadow Ticket, came out in October 2025.

The writer who took Heller’s idea — the war as a business run for its own benefit — and made it vast. Gravity’s Rainbow is much harder going than Catch-22, but its paranoia, its songs and its slapstick come from the same place as Milo Minderbinder’s syndicate.

— Lisanne

Every book by Thomas Pynchon →

06
Absurd systems, now

George Saunders

American · CivilWarLand in Bad Decline (1996), Tenth of December (2013), Lincoln in the Bardo (2017)

Saunders was born in Amarillo, Texas, in 1958 and worked as a geophysical engineer and technical writer before his first collection, CivilWarLand in Bad Decline, came out in 1996. His stories are set in theme parks, offices and near-future workplaces. Lincoln in the Bardo, about Abraham Lincoln’s son Willie, won the Man Booker Prize in 2017. He teaches at Syracuse University.

The living writer who most clearly writes in Heller’s key. His characters are trapped in corporate rules as cheerful and as lethal as the Air Corps’s, and they talk in the same institutional language. Saunders is warmer than Heller and more openly moral.

— Lisanne

Every book by George Saunders →

07
The office as Pianosa

Joshua Ferris

American · Then We Came to the End (2007), To Rise Again at a Decent Hour (2014)

Ferris was born in Danville, Illinois, in 1974. Then We Came to the End is a comedy set in a Chicago advertising agency as the 1990s internet boom ends, told in the first-person plural — “we”. It was a National Book Award finalist and won the PEN/Hemingway Award. To Rise Again at a Decent Hour was shortlisted for the Man Booker Prize.

For readers who liked Something Happened as much as Catch-22. Ferris moves Heller’s subject from the squadron to the open-plan office: rumours, layoffs and a group of people who cannot leave and cannot quite say why.

— Lisanne
08
The war without the joke

Tim O’Brien

American · Going After Cacciato (1978), The Things They Carried (1990)

O’Brien was born in Austin, Minnesota, in 1946, was drafted in 1968 and served as an infantryman in Vietnam, where he was wounded and awarded the Purple Heart. Going After Cacciato, about a soldier who walks away from the war towards Paris, won the National Book Award in 1979. The Things They Carried is a linked set of stories about a platoon, narrated by a character named Tim O’Brien.

A writer who complicates Heller. Going After Cacciato has a fantasy of escape that Yossarian would recognise, but The Things They Carried sets aside satire and asks what can honestly be told about a war at all. Read it after Catch-22 to feel what the comedy was holding off.

— Lisanne
09
The war from the trench

Erich Maria Remarque

German · All Quiet on the Western Front (1929)

Remarque (1898–1970) was conscripted into the German army at eighteen and wounded by shrapnel on the Western Front in July 1917. All Quiet on the Western Front follows a young German soldier and his classmates. In 1933 the Nazi government banned his work, and in 1938 it revoked his citizenship; in 1943 his youngest sister, Elfriede Scholz, was beheaded after a Nazi court convicted her of undermining morale.

The serious novel that Heller’s comedy argues with. Remarque’s soldiers are, like Yossarian, betrayed by the old men who sent them, but nothing in his book is played for laughs. The two together show the two ways a novelist can refuse a war.

— Lisanne
10
The voices the war novels left out

Svetlana Alexievich

Belarusian · The Unwomanly Face of War (1985), Zinky Boys (1991)

Alexievich was born in 1948 in Stanislav, in what is now Ukraine, and writes in Russian. Her books are built from interviews arranged as a chorus of individual voices; The Unwomanly Face of War collects the testimony of Soviet women who fought in the Second World War. She was tried in Minsk in the 1990s over Zinky Boys, won the Nobel Prize in 2015 and left Belarus for Germany in 2020.

The writer here who complicates Heller most. His war belongs to men in uniform and is told by one controlling comic voice; hers belongs to women and ordinary people and is told by hundreds. Read her to hear what Catch-22’s nurses and Roman women are never allowed to say.

— Lisanne

Every book by Svetlana Alexievich →

Where to start if you loved Joseph Heller

If you loved Catch-22, read Kurt Vonnegut.

Slaughterhouse-Five (1969): another American veteran’s war, told as black comedy.

If you want the original, read Jaroslav Hašek.

The Good Soldier Švejk: the First World War, as one cheerful soldier survives it.

If you loved Something Happened, read Joshua Ferris.

Then We Came to the End (2007): the office as a place nobody can leave.

If you want the war without the joke, read Tim O’Brien.

The Things They Carried (1990), and then Remarque’s All Quiet on the Western Front.

If you are new to Heller, start with Catch-22.

Then Something Happened (1974), God Knows (1984) and the sequel Closing Time (1994).

Frequently asked questions about authors like Joseph Heller

Who writes like Joseph Heller?

Kurt Vonnegut is the closest, especially Slaughterhouse-Five (1969). Jaroslav Hašek’s The Good Soldier Švejk is the First World War version, and Evelyn Waugh’s Sword of Honour trilogy is the British army seen with the same deadpan.

What should I read after Catch-22?

Kurt Vonnegut’s Slaughterhouse-Five, Jaroslav Hašek’s The Good Soldier Švejk and Thomas Pynchon’s Gravity’s Rainbow (1973). For a contrast, read Tim O’Brien’s The Things They Carried (1990).

Is Joseph Heller like Kurt Vonnegut?

Both were American veterans of the Second World War who later wrote about it as black comedy. Vonnegut is shorter and sadder, with time travel where Heller has circular logic.

Is there a sequel to Catch-22?

Yes. Closing Time (1994) follows Yossarian, Milo Minderbinder and the chaplain into old age in New York.

Which Joseph Heller book should I read first?

Start with Catch-22 (1961). Then Something Happened (1974), God Knows (1984) and the sequel Closing Time (1994).

Did Joseph Heller copy Catch-22?

In 1998 a reader pointed out similarities between Catch-22 and Louis Falstein’s 1951 novel Face of a Hero. Heller said he had never read or heard of it.

Written by Lisanne Swart, who has curated reading lists and author guides at lisanneswart.com since 2021. Every comparison here is a judgement about method and subject, not an algorithmic match. See more on her personal bookshelf.

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