Author Guide · Lisanne Swart

Books Written by F. Scott Fitzgerald

F. Scott Fitzgerald wrote four complete novels, left a fifth unfinished, and published 164 short stories in his lifetime. He died in 1940 at 44, believing himself a failure. The Great Gatsby had sold modestly on publication in 1925; it was only after his death, when the US Army distributed hundreds of thousands of copies to soldiers in World War II, that it became the novel everyone has read. Today it is one of the most assigned books in the English-speaking world. But Fitzgerald is far more than one novel, and the rest of his work — the heartbroken beauty of Tender is the Night, the raw ambition of This Side of Paradise, the finest of his short stories — deserves as much attention. This is everything he wrote, with notes on where to start and what connects to what.

By Lisanne Swart · 9 books · Literary Fiction · Jazz Age · Updated May 2026


The Novels

01
Novel · Debut

This Side of Paradise

F. Scott Fitzgerald · 1920

Fitzgerald’s first novel, written when he was 23 and published when he was 24. It follows Amory Blaine — charming, self-involved, uncertain — through Princeton, a series of love affairs, and the early aftermath of World War I. The book is loosely autobiographical and unapologetically young: Amory’s flaws are Fitzgerald’s flaws, barely disguised, examined with the kind of fascinated self-regard that only the very young can sustain. It was an instant bestseller. The money it earned allowed Fitzgerald to marry Zelda Sayre, who had broken off their engagement partly because he couldn’t support her. The publication of this novel is where the whole story begins.

This Side of Paradise is not Fitzgerald at his best — the prose is uneven, the structure loose, the philosophy undergraduate. But it is Fitzgerald at his most nakedly ambitious, and reading it alongside The Great Gatsby shows exactly what he learned in five years and how he learned it. It also captures something particular about that post-WWI generation’s mixture of disillusionment and relentless hope that no later book quite replicates.

02
Novel

The Beautiful and Damned

F. Scott Fitzgerald · 1922

Anthony Patch is the handsome, Harvard-educated grandson of a moralistic millionaire. His wife Gloria is beautiful, reckless, and entirely certain that beauty is all one needs. Together they wait for Anthony’s inheritance while slowly, methodically destroying themselves through parties, alcohol, and mutual recrimination. The novel is a portrait of a marriage collapsing and a generation squandering its promise — darker and more controlled than This Side of Paradise, with passages of painful accuracy about what it feels like to watch yourself deteriorating and not be able to stop.

The most underread of Fitzgerald’s novels and in some ways the most honest. The Beautiful and Damned is largely about Zelda and Scott’s own marriage, thinly disguised — the charm that conceals emptiness, the mutual enabling, the way two people can make each other worse. Reading it with that knowledge makes it uncomfortable in a way that illuminates rather than diminishes. Gloria is one of Fitzgerald’s most complex female characters: aspirational and infuriating and trapped in ways she partly chooses.

03
Novel · MasterpieceOn my shelf

The Great Gatsby

F. Scott Fitzgerald · 1925

Nick Carraway moves to Long Island in the summer of 1922 and becomes drawn into the world of his neighbour Jay Gatsby — mysterious, extravagant, throwing parties he doesn’t attend for a woman he hasn’t spoken to in five years. The novel is about desire and self-invention and the American myth that the past can be undone if you want it enough. Fitzgerald wrote it in nine months on the French Riviera. It is 180 pages. It has sold over 25 million copies. Every sentence was placed with the precision of a watchmaker and the weight of a poet who knows he is writing the best thing he will ever write.

I have it on my shelf and return to it regularly. What makes The Great Gatsby endure is not the plot — which is simple — but the prose, which does something on almost every page that you cannot quite account for until you have read it several times. The green light, the valley of ashes, the eyes of Doctor T.J. Eckleburg: these images are doing work that exceeds what any summary of the book can capture. Read it slowly. It rewards attention in a way that most novels don’t.

→ Read my full thoughts on The Great Gatsby

→ Books like The Great Gatsby — what to read next

04
Novel · Late Masterpiece

Tender Is the Night

F. Scott Fitzgerald · 1934

Dick Diver is a brilliant American psychiatrist living on the French Riviera with his wife Nicole, a former patient he fell in love with and cured and married. Over the course of the novel — which spans the late 1910s to the early 1930s — Dick’s confidence erodes, his career collapses, and the marriage that was built on his strength gradually inverts. Fitzgerald worked on it for nine years. It received mixed reviews on publication and sold poorly. He blamed the structure and revised it extensively before his death; both versions remain in print.

Tender Is the Night is the novel Fitzgerald’s admirers argue about most. Some consider it his greatest work — richer and more psychologically complex than Gatsby, a book only someone who had lived through destruction could have written. Others find its structural problems too significant to overlook. Both are right. It is a flawed masterpiece, and the flaws are part of what makes it moving: a man writing about his own disintegration while it was happening. The passage where Dick Diver realises he has used up all his charm is one of the most quietly devastating things in American literature.

05
Novel · Unfinished · Posthumous

The Love of the Last Tycoon

F. Scott Fitzgerald · published 1941 (unfinished)

Fitzgerald’s fifth and final novel, left unfinished at his death in December 1940 from a heart attack. He had completed roughly half the book, which follows Monroe Stahr — a powerful Hollywood producer modelled on the legendary MGM executive Irving Thalberg — through a love affair that threatens his professional dominance. The existing chapters are among Fitzgerald’s finest prose: tighter and more controlled than anything he had written before, suggesting a late-career return to form. Edmund Wilson edited and published the fragment in 1941. A more complete scholarly edition, The Love of the Last Tycoon: A Western, was published in 1993.

Approach it as a fragment rather than a failed novel and it is extraordinary. The opening sequence — Cecelia Brady narrating a transcontinental flight that makes an unscheduled landing in Nashville, where she first sees Stahr — is as good as anything in Fitzgerald. The Hollywood material is specific and unsentimental in ways that suggest he had found a new subject equal to his abilities. The tragedy is not just that he died before finishing it, but that the existing pages show exactly what the finished book would have been.

The Short Story Collections

Fitzgerald published 164 short stories during his lifetime — in his day, this was where his real reputation rested. Stories paid far more than novels, and he used them to fund the life that his novels described. The best of them are as good as anything he wrote in longer form.

06
Short Stories · Collection 1

Flappers and Philosophers

F. Scott Fitzgerald · 1920

Fitzgerald’s first short story collection, published the same year as This Side of Paradise. Eight stories including “Bernice Bobs Her Hair,” “The Ice Palace,” and “The Offshore Pirate.” The stories are set among the young, wealthy, and restless — flappers and their admirers, debutante balls and country clubs — and they established the social world that Fitzgerald would spend his career examining. Uneven but full of life, and important for understanding where the later, better work came from.

The essential story here is “The Ice Palace” — a Southern girl engaged to a Minnesota man who visits his home in winter and is almost destroyed by it. It is a story about the incompatibility of different American worlds told through temperature and architecture, and it is better than almost anything else in the collection. “Bernice Bobs Her Hair” is the most widely anthologised and earns its reputation.

07
Short Stories · Collection 2

Tales of the Jazz Age

F. Scott Fitzgerald · 1922

The second collection, published the same year as The Beautiful and Damned. Eleven stories including “The Curious Case of Benjamin Button” — the reverse-aging fantasy later adapted by David Fincher — and “May Day,” a long story about a violent evening in New York in 1919 that captures the anxiety and violence just beneath the surface of the postwar prosperity. The collection gave the era its name: it was Fitzgerald who coined “Jazz Age,” and this book is where the term first appeared in a title.

“May Day” is the masterpiece here — long, novelistic, structurally ambitious in ways that anticipate Dos Passos, and almost never discussed alongside Fitzgerald’s best work. It should be. “The Diamond as Big as the Ritz,” the extravagant fantasy about American wealth taken to its logical extreme, is the most Fitzgerald-in-miniature of all his stories: beautiful surfaces concealing moral horror, the American Dream as a trap.

08
Short Stories · Collection 3

All the Sad Young Men

F. Scott Fitzgerald · 1926

Published one year after The Great Gatsby, this collection of nine stories is widely considered his best. It includes “Winter Dreams” — often described as the first draft of The Great Gatsby, following a young man’s obsessive pursuit of a golden girl across years and seasons — and “The Rich Boy,” which opens with one of the most quoted sentences in American literature: “Let me tell you about the very rich. They are different from you and me.” The stories are more controlled than the earlier collections, the prose more precise, the emotional register darker.

Start here if you want to understand Fitzgerald as a short story writer. “Winter Dreams” and “The Rich Boy” together cover the same territory as The Great Gatsby — the pursuit of an ideal that was never what it seemed — but from different angles and with different resolutions. Reading them before Gatsby changes how you read Gatsby. Reading them after shows you what Fitzgerald was working through before he found the right form. Either way they are essential.

09
Short Stories · Collection 4

Taps at Reveille

F. Scott Fitzgerald · 1935

Fitzgerald’s fourth and final short story collection, published the year after Tender Is the Night. Eighteen stories including the four Basil Duke Lee stories — semi-autobiographical tales of a Midwestern boy navigating adolescence and ambition — and the three Josephine Perry stories, which follow a beautiful, manipulative young woman through a series of romantic conquests and their aftermath. The collection also contains “Babylon Revisited,” which many critics consider the finest short story Fitzgerald ever wrote.

“Babylon Revisited” is the place to end with Fitzgerald’s short fiction. It is about an American in Paris trying to reclaim his daughter after a period of alcoholism and dissolution — written in 1931, when Fitzgerald was watching his own life follow exactly that trajectory. The story is stripped of the glamour that his early work used to justify the excess. What remains is grief, responsibility, and the recognition that the past cannot be bought back. It is the most honest thing he wrote.

→ My best fiction books of all time — Fitzgerald’s place in the canon

Where to start with F. Scott Fitzgerald

If you have never read him
→ Start with The Great Gatsby. It is 180 pages. It will take you an afternoon. And it earns its reputation in a way that few canonical novels do — not because English teachers assign it but because the prose is genuinely extraordinary and the argument underneath it still holds.

If you want to understand where Gatsby came from
→ Read “Winter Dreams” from All the Sad Young Men before or after The Great Gatsby. Fitzgerald wrote the same story three times — “Winter Dreams,” The Great Gatsby, and “The Rich Boy” — and each version shows you something the others don’t.

If you want the novel that his admirers argue is his actual best work
Tender Is the Night. Darker, messier, more personally painful than Gatsby, and in some ways more true. Read it after Gatsby, not before.

If you want his finest short story
→ “Babylon Revisited” in Taps at Reveille. It is the story where the glamour is entirely gone and what’s left is something much more honest and harder to look at.

If the Jazz Age world draws you — the parties, the excess, the beauty that conceals rot — and you want to keep reading in that territory
→ My books like The Great Gatsby reading list has the natural successors. And my best fiction books of all time list places Fitzgerald in the broader canon of literary fiction worth reading.

If the obsession theme is what stays with you — the pursuit of an ideal that was never real
→ My books about obsession reading list takes that further. Fitzgerald practically invented the literary template for romantic obsession as self-destruction, and the books on that list are in direct conversation with him.

Frequently asked questions about F. Scott Fitzgerald’s books

How many books did F. Scott Fitzgerald write?
F. Scott Fitzgerald wrote four complete novels — This Side of Paradise (1920), The Beautiful and Damned (1922), The Great Gatsby (1925), and Tender Is the Night (1934) — plus a fifth novel, The Love of the Last Tycoon, left unfinished at his death in 1940 and published posthumously. He also published four short story collections and 164 short stories in total. In his lifetime he was at least as famous for his short stories as for his novels: they paid substantially better and appeared in major magazines including The Saturday Evening Post.
What is the best F. Scott Fitzgerald book to start with?
The Great Gatsby. It is his shortest, most controlled, and most formally perfect novel — 180 pages that reward slow reading and multiple readings. Everything that makes Fitzgerald extraordinary as a prose stylist is present in concentrated form. If you want to understand his short fiction first, “Winter Dreams” from All the Sad Young Men covers much of the same emotional territory as Gatsby in twenty pages and is a useful introduction to what he was working on for most of his career.
In what order should I read F. Scott Fitzgerald’s novels?
The natural order is chronological: This Side of Paradise, The Beautiful and Damned, The Great Gatsby, Tender Is the Night, The Love of the Last Tycoon. Reading in order shows the development of his craft — the uneven ambition of the early work giving way to the precision of Gatsby, then the more complicated and personally costly achievement of Tender Is the Night. Most readers who start with Gatsby work backwards and forwards from there, which also works well.
Is Tender Is the Night better than The Great Gatsby?
They are different achievements. The Great Gatsby is formally perfect — a short, concentrated novel where every sentence is doing multiple things and nothing is wasted. Tender Is the Night is larger, more psychologically ambitious, more personally costly, and structurally imperfect in ways that Fitzgerald himself acknowledged. Readers who prefer Gatsby tend to value economy and control. Readers who prefer Tender Is the Night tend to value emotional depth and complexity. Both arguments are defensible. Read Gatsby first and decide for yourself.
What is Fitzgerald’s best short story?
“Babylon Revisited” from the 1935 collection Taps at Reveille is most often cited by critics as his finest short story — a stripped-back, honest account of a reformed alcoholic trying to reclaim his daughter in Paris, written as Fitzgerald’s own life was following a similar trajectory. “Winter Dreams” (from All the Sad Young Men, 1926) is the most essential for understanding what The Great Gatsby was working through. “The Rich Boy” (also from All the Sad Young Men) contains the famous opening on wealth and difference that has been misquoted and misattributed for a century.
Why did Fitzgerald only write four novels?
Primarily economics. Short stories paid substantially more than novels — sometimes fifteen times more per word — and Fitzgerald spent most of his career writing them to fund the lifestyle he and Zelda had established after the success of This Side of Paradise. He also struggled with alcoholism from the mid-1920s onwards, and Zelda’s breakdown in 1930 and subsequent hospitalisation consumed much of his time and money. Tender Is the Night took nine years to complete. He was working on The Love of the Last Tycoon when he died at 44.

From the bookshelf

“So we beat on, boats against the current, borne back cealessly into the past.” — F. Scott Fitzgerald

More literary fiction that earns its place on my personal bookshelf — hand-picked for readers who want books that stay with them long after the last page.

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